Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a type of bacteria that can infect the stomach and the upper part of the small intestine. This bacterium is a common cause of various gastrointestinal diseases, including gastritis (inflammation of the stomach lining) and peptic ulcers (sores that form on the lining of the stomach or the duodenum).Detecting and treating H. pylori infections is important for managing associated health risks. Diagnosis is typically done through tests such as breath tests, blood tests, and endoscopy with biopsy. Treatment often involves a combination of antibiotics and acid-reducing medications to eradicate the bacteria and promote healing of the affected tissues.